What are the common symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis that can be mediated with exercise?
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that attacks the protective covering (myelin) of nerve cells in the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord. Myelin helps speed up nerve signal transmission, and when damaged, communication between nerves slows or blocks. Regular targeted exercise can have varying levels of impact on weakness, numbness, balance issues, coordination problems, and fatigue.
The Science Behind Exercise for MS
Research shows that exercise can help manage neurotransmitter dysregulation in MS, similar to its effects on depression and anxiety. A single bout of exercise can reduce spinal cord synaptic reflex excitability, leading to muscle relaxation and reduced spasticity.
Interestingly, studies comparing exercise to baclofen (a common spasticity medication). Both have been found to be equally effective—highlighting the power of physical activity in MS management.
Exercise Recommendations for MS
Exercise guidelines for people with MS align with general population recommendations, but the focus is on maintaining mobility, strength, and endurance to prevent deconditioning. Key benefits include:
– Improved Aerobic Capacity & Strength – Helps combat fatigue and movement difficulties.
– Enhanced Mood & Sleep – Reduces depression and boosts overall well-being.
– Better Daily Function – Supports independence in activities of daily living.
For those with advanced MS (wheelchair users or those needing walking aids), options like arm bikes, swimming, and resistance bands can still provide significant benefits.
Exercise & Mood Disorders in MS
Depression is common in MS, and exercise is a powerful tool to combat it. Studies show that meeting general physical activity guidelines (90-150 minutes per week) leads to twice the improvement in depressive symptoms compared to inactivity.
The more frequently someone exercises, the greater the reduction in depression—making consistency key.
Managing Fatigue with Exercise
Many worry that exercise worsens fatigue, but it’s actually one of the best ways to reduce MS-related fatigue. The key is to start slowly and build consistency:
– If you are not currently exercising, begin with 5 minutes, twice a week, and gradually increase duration.
– Both aerobic and resistance training help, but combining them yields the best results.
Over time, the body adapts, improving energy levels and fatigue resilience.
Neuroprotective Benefits of Exercise
Studies demonstrate that exercise helps protect the brain by:
– Preventing atrophy in movement-related areas (thalamus, basal ganglia).
– Strengthening neural connections between the thalamus and frontal cortex.
– Boosting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which supports nerve repair.
Additionally, exercise promotes remyelination—repairing damaged nerve coverings—and enhances brain network organization, slowing disease progression.
Best Exercises for MS
– Walking outdoors – Challenges the brain with environmental stimuli, strengthening neural pathways.
– Strength training – Maintains muscle function and mobility.
– Aquatic therapy – Reduces joint stress while improving endurance.
Exercise & Cognitive Function
For those with progressive MS, any activity stimulating the central nervous system—whether cognitive rehab or exercise—helps improve cognitive function.
When to Seek Therapy or a professional
While this information may be useful, there are times when professional treatment is necessary. If youare new to exercise or feel like you’re not seeing impact from the exercise you are currently doing, it’s time to seek the advice of a healthcare professional.
An Exercise Physiologist can provide targeted exercises to address you most prevalent symptoms.
Ebony Crighton is our Neurological Conditions specialist. If you would like to make a start, please email us at admin@theepgroup.com.au, give us a call on (03) 9029 5590.or book in with Ebony by CLICKING HERE
